Advanced endoscopic spine surgery in Hyderabad. Experience Day Care procedures, Keyhole Incisions, and Awake Spine Surgery options, when examination and imaging support them.
Yashoda Hospital, Malakpet • Room No. 317, OPD Block
Expert neurosurgical care available at multiple convenient locations across Hyderabad.
If you need to avoid general anaesthesia because of cardiac, lung, or metabolic risks, we offer an awake endoscopic spine pathway using spinal/epidural blocks with light sedation.
Minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) uses advanced endoscopic techniques to treat spine conditions through smaller incisions, with less disruption of the back muscles than open surgery.
Dr. Sayuj Krishnan specializes in endoscopic spine procedures, using small incisions and muscle-sparing access. Recovery is individual. Learn more about our local patient journey for endoscopic spine surgery in Hyderabad.
A small keyhole incision (< 1cm) is made under local anesthesia, often covered with just a band-aid.
Instead of cutting muscle, we use a series of dilators to gently separate fibers, creating a natural corridor to the spine.
A high-definition endoscope provides a magnified, crystal-clear view of the nerve root and disc herniation.
Specialized micro-instruments remove only the damaged disc fragment, instantly relieving pressure on the nerve.
How the endoscopic and open approaches differ for conditions like sciatica and slipped discs.
| Feature | Endoscopic (Keyhole) Surgery | Traditional Open Surgery |
|---|---|---|
| Incision Size | Tiny (< 1 cm) | Large (3-5 inches) |
| Muscle Damage | Minimal (muscles dilated, not cut) | Significant (muscles stripped) |
| Blood Loss | Negligible | Moderate |
| Hospital Stay | Day Care / 24 hours | 3-5 days |
| Post-op Pain | Mild (oral meds only) | Moderate to Severe |
| Recovery Time | Return to work in 1-2 weeks | 4-6 weeks or more |
| Scarring | Almost invisible | Noticeable scar |
MRI review and clinical exam. Secure tele-consult available for outstation patients.
Fitness check and anaesthesia clearance. Option for Awake Spine Surgery protocol.
45-90 mins endoscopic surgery through a keyhole (8mm) incision.
Mobilisation starts when anaesthesia and pain control allow. Timing is individual.
Discharge timing is individual and decided after examination.
Activity progression is planned at follow-up.
Minimally invasive spine procedures differ in their route and instruments. This model shows one of them: a transforaminal endoscopic discectomy, where the working tube and endoscope pass through the opening beside the L4–L5 joint to reach a disc fragment next to the nerve root, at the moment the fragment is grasped.
Accurate diagnosis is the first step towards successful treatment. At Yashoda Hospital, we use advanced imaging and clinical evaluation to determine if you are a candidate for endoscopic surgery.
Ideally suited for paracentral and foraminal disc herniations. Accessed from the side (flank) under local anaesthesia, avoiding the spinal canal entirely.
Used for selected L5-S1 disc herniations and spinal stenosis. Accessed from the back through the natural interlaminar window.
Decompression of nerve roots through enlarged foraminal openings using endoscopic techniques.
Unilateral laminotomy bilateral decompression for spinal stenosis using endoscopic approach.
Endoscopic cervical discectomy and foraminotomy for neck and arm pain relief.
Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion for instability or spondylolisthesis.
MBBS and DNB Neurosurgery. German observership in full endoscopic spine surgery (2024).
Neuronavigation and neuromonitoring are used when the operation requires them.
Selected patients may mobilise the same day; discharge timing is individual and decided after examination.
Transparent pricing and honest surgical indications.
Anaesthesia, blood loss, and medical fitness are reviewed individually, including for patients over 60. Whether an endoscopic approach is suitable depends on the MRI and the examination.
If a major open operation has been advised, bring the MRI to OPD. Whether an endoscopic approach is suitable is decided after examination.
Book Senior Citizen ConsultTransparent pricing for self-pay patients. Insurance packages available.
| Procedure | Estimated Cost Range (INR) | Typical Recovery | Includes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Endoscopic Discectomy (Lumbar) | ₹95,000 - ₹1,35,000 | Discussed at OPD |
|
| Endoscopic ULBD (Stenosis) | ₹1,20,000 - ₹1,60,000 | Discussed at OPD |
|
| Cervical Endoscopic Discectomy | ₹1,20,000 - ₹1,70,000 | Discussed at OPD |
|
| MIS TLIF (Spinal Fusion) | ₹2,50,000 - ₹3,50,000 | Discussed at OPD |
|
| Vertebroplasty (Cement) | ₹1,10,000 - ₹1,50,000 | Discussed at OPD |
|
Note: These are estimated ranges for standard cases. Final cost may vary based on room category, specific implants required, and medical complexity. Cashless insurance facilities are available with major TPAs.
Credentials discussed in clinic: MBBS and DNB Neurosurgery. Germany-related training is a German observership in full endoscopic spine surgery (2024).
Clinical assessment
Examination and imaging
Suitability for this procedure is decided after history, neurological examination, and review of your MRI or CT — not from a published percentage.
Counselling
Risks and alternatives
If a procedure is considered, the visit covers expected recovery, alternatives including non-surgical care, and questions to ask before consent.
Next step
Book an OPD visit
Request a consultation to discuss your scans. Discharge timing and recovery are individual and are discussed after examination.
Bring MRI films so symptoms can be matched to imaging. Sciatica and other spine symptoms are reviewed at consultation.
Book an OPD visitReady to take the next step?
Minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) uses smaller incisions and endoscopic or microscopic instruments to reach the spine while gently moving muscles instead of cutting them. This approach reduces tissue trauma, pain, and blood loss compared to traditional open surgery.
Laser spine surgery uses heat to shrink disc material and is often a poor fit for large herniations or bone spurs. Endoscopic spine surgery uses a camera and instruments to remove the compression when examination and MRI support that approach.
MISS is recommended when conservative treatments no longer control symptoms from conditions such as herniated discs, spinal stenosis, foraminal stenosis, spinal deformities like scoliosis, and spondylolisthesis. The specific technique is chosen based on the level and nature of the pathology.
MISS uses smaller incisions and aims to preserve the muscles and supporting tissues, which usually leaves a smaller scar. Pain, hospital stay and return to activity are individual and are discussed after examination.
Most endoscopic spine procedures take 1-3 hours depending on the complexity. Endoscopic discectomy typically takes 60-90 minutes, while more complex procedures like endoscopic ULBD may take 2-3 hours.
Outcomes depend on proper patient selection, accurate diagnosis, and the procedure chosen. Suitability and expected recovery are discussed at consultation.
Return-to-work timing depends on the procedure, your health, and the physical demands of the job. It is decided after examination and follow-up.
Yes, endoscopic spine surgery is typically covered by most insurance plans when medically necessary. We provide detailed medical estimates and work with insurance companies for pre-authorization. Cashless insurance approvals are available at Yashoda Hospital.
Potential risks include nerve injury, bleeding, infection, and incomplete symptom relief. How those risks compare with open surgery is discussed for the specific operation.
Wound care and pain control are reviewed before activity increases
Return to desk work is decided at review, not promised in advance
Physiotherapy is added only if the clinical review supports it
No. The approach is chosen to match the anatomy. If significant instability exists, a minimally invasive TLIF (fusion) may be required instead of decompression alone.
Hospital stay at Yashoda Hospital, Malakpet is decided after the operation.
Mobilisation starts when anaesthesia and pain control allow. Timing is individual and decided after examination.
Seek immediate medical attention if you experience:
*These symptoms may indicate serious nerve compression requiring urgent evaluation to prevent permanent damage.
Procedure explainers are educational. Book an OPD visit at /appointments to review your scans.
Dr. Sayuj Krishnan (MBBS and DNB Neurosurgery) reviews symptoms, examination, and imaging before any procedure is considered.
External links are provided for transparency and do not represent sponsorships. Each source was accessed on 19 Oct 2025.
Medically reviewed by Dr. Sayuj KrishnanConsultant Neurosurgeon, Yashoda Hospital MalakpetLast reviewed 19 October 2025
This information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice. Please consult with Dr. Sayuj for personalized medical guidance.